The European Middle Ages (Part 2 of 2)
3/9/202657 min
Although the Middle Ages were an undeniably turbulent period in the history of Europe, characterised in part by endemic violence, hardship and inequality, the latter half of the era was also a time of great change and discovery. What historians call the High and Late Middle Ages saw a proliferation of philosophical and scientific enquiry, and economic advancement. This was a time of intense literary and artistic production, religious dynamism, and global trade and travel. An age of contradictions and complexities.
So what drove the immense changes of the later medieval period? What dark currents s...
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[suspenseful music] It is the 22nd of July, 1209. Beneath the walls of the southern French city of Béziers, the first rays of sunlight glint off the swords and chain mail of a vast army drawn up into ragged lines. A young soldier shifts under the weight of the long polearm he is gripping. The gambeson, or padded jacket, he wears chafes around his neck, and he twists his head to try and relieve the irritation. Now, the assembled soldiers fall quiet as a man in gleaming white robes rides through their ranks. He is their leader, the representative of the pope himself, the Abbot Arnaud. Because this is not a secular war. The soldier and his comrades are crusaders, here to rid the city of the heretics