Retinol: The magical molecule's bizarre history
5/20/202633 min
In this episode, hosts David Anderson and Gina Vitale travel as far back as ancient Egypt to unearth the wide-ranging uses of retinol. They also bring in C&EN reporter Craig Bettenhausen to discuss why retinol is such a powerhouse molecule for skin care, and they hear from a contraceptives researcher about how an early candidate for a birth control pill for men affected the retinol pathway.
C&EN's award-winning podcast Inflection Point leans on our 100-year archive to trace headline topics in science today back to their disparate and surprising roots. In each episode, we explore three lesser-known moments in science history that ultimately led us to current-day breakthroughs. With help from expert C&EN reporters, this show examines how discoveries from our past have shaped our present and will change our future.
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Transcript preview
First 90 secondsDavid Anderson· Host0:00
[birds chirping] So Gina.
Gina Vitale· Host0:02
Yes, David.
David Anderson· Host0:03
Do you know where we are right now?
Gina Vitale· Host0:05
Well, it's very hot.
David Anderson· Host0:08
Mm-hmm.
Gina Vitale· Host0:08
Um, a lot of sand.
David Anderson· Host0:10
Yeah. Well, I'll spoil it for you.
Gina Vitale· Host0:12
Okay.
David Anderson· Host0:12
We're in Egypt.
Gina Vitale· Host0:13
Egypt, okay. And my- Mm-hmm ... phone is not exactly working, so I'm guessing we're pretty far back in time.
David Anderson· Host0:21
They haven't invented cell phone towers yet, so no service out here.
Gina Vitale· Host0:24
Mm-hmm.
David Anderson· Host0:25
I guess I should have said earlier, ancient Egypt, 1500 BCE.
Gina Vitale· Host0:29
David, what are we doing here? Why did you bring us to ancient Egypt?
David Anderson· Host0:34
Okay. Well, we are here standing in front of the pyramids to discover the little-known origins behind a molecule that I think you might recognize, retinol. Ever heard of it?
Gina Vitale· Host0:45
Retinol?
David Anderson· Host0:46
Yeah, retinol.
Gina Vitale· Host0:46
Like, the skincare, anti-aging treatment retinol?
David Anderson· Host0:50
That's the one, but its uses go way beyond skin.
Gina Vitale· Host0:54
Hmm.
David Anderson· Host0:55
Right? It's a pretty important molecule since, God, well, I don't know, since probably the- Since ancient Egypt ... All right. Now you're getting it.
Gina Vitale· Host1:01
Okay.
David Anderson· Host1:02
But buckle up because this adventure, it takes some twists and turns.
Gina Vitale· Host1:06
Some twists and turns?
David Anderson· Host1:07
Later in this episode, we're gonna visit a prison in 1951 to learn the dark and sinister origins of retinol as a skincare cream.
Gina Vitale· Host1:17
Okay, not looking forward to that.
David Anderson· Host1:19
Yeah.
Gina Vitale· Host1:20
But we're also going to explain how retinol works for skincare and explain the difference between the different types of retinol.
David Anderson· Host1:27
And also later in the episode, we're gonna go to 1959